What is a metallic stent in the common bile duct?

A metallic stent in the common bile duct is a medical device used to treat obstructions or strictures in the bile duct, which can occur due to various reasons such as gallstones, tumors, or inflammation. The common bile duct is a tube that carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the small intestine, aiding in digestion.

The metallic stent, also known as a self-expanding metal stent (SEMS), is typically made of materials like stainless steel or nitinol. It is designed to be inserted into the bile duct during an endoscopic procedure called endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

During ERCP, a flexible tube with a camera (endoscope) is passed through the mouth, down the esophagus, and into the stomach and small intestine. Once the endoscope reaches the opening of the bile duct, a small catheter is passed through it and guided into the obstructed area. The metallic stent, which is compressed prior to insertion, is then deployed using specialized techniques to expand and open up the blockage.

Once in place, the metallic stent helps to keep the bile duct open, allowing bile to flow freely into the small intestine. This relieves symptoms such as jaundice, itching, and abdominal pain that can occur due to bile duct obstruction. Metallic stents are often preferred over plastic stents in the bile duct due to their durability and abil