What is ERCP biliary stent?

An ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography) biliary stent is a medical device used to alleviate obstructions or strictures in the bile ducts, which are the tubes that carry bile from the liver to the small intestine. ERCP is a minimally invasive procedure that combines endoscopy and X-ray imaging to visualize and treat problems in the bile ducts, pancreas, and gallbladder.

During an ERCP procedure, a flexible endoscope is passed through the mouth, down the esophagus, and into the stomach and small intestine. Contrast dye is then injected into the bile ducts, allowing the physician to visualize any obstructions or abnormalities on X-ray images. If a blockage or stricture is identified, a biliary stent may be placed to relieve the obstruction and restore proper bile flow.

Biliary stents used in ERCP procedures can be either plastic or metal (also known as self-expandable metallic stents or SEMS). Plastic stents are typically used for temporary relief of obstructions, while metal stents may be used for longer-term or permanent management, particularly in cases of malignant strictures or chronic conditions.

The stent is inserted through the endoscope and positioned in the bile duct to keep it open and allow bile to flow freely. Once the stent is in place, it helps alleviate symptoms such as jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and itching.

ERCP biliary stents can provide significant relief for individuals with conditions such as gallstones, bile duct tumors, strictures, or inflammation. They are typically placed by gastroenterologists or interventional endoscopists and may be part of a comprehensive treatment plan for managing biliary diseases. Regular follow-up appointments and monitoring are usually recommended to assess the function of the stent and address any potential complications.