What are tracheal stents used for?

Tracheal stents are small tube-like devices that are inserted into the trachea (windpipe) to help keep it open. 

They are used to treat various tracheal conditions such as:

- Tracheal stenosis - narrowing of the trachea often due to scarring from prolonged intubation or trauma.   Stents help widen the airway. 

- Tracheomalacia - weakness of the tracheal walls causing it to collapse.   Stents provide structural support. 

- Tumors or growths pressing on the trachea - stents help maintain airway patency.  

- Tracheo-esophageal fistulas - abnormal openings between the trachea and esophagus.   Stents cover the abnormal opening. 

- Airway fractures - stents stabilize tracheal injuries. 

- Extrinsic tracheal compression - compression of trachea by abnormal masses or swellings.   Stents relieve the compression. 

 The stent is inserted through the mouth or nose using a bronchoscope and expands to hold the trachea open once in place.   It provides a scaffolding to maintain airway patency and make breathing easier.   Tracheal stents are made of various materials like metal, silicone or hybrid polymers.